APA 7th referencing

Webpage on a website

Reference components

Author Surname, Initial(s) or Organisation. (year). Title of webpage in italics. Site Name. URL

Reference list examples

Department of Education. (2025). During your studies in Australia. Australian Government. https://www.education.gov.au/international-education/during-your-studies-australia

DevelopmentWA. (n.d.). Yagan Square. https://developmentwa.com.au/projects/redevelopment/yagan-square/overview

Hansen, J. (2019, November 17). Coming together in times of crisis. Sea Shepherd. https://seashepherd.org.au/latest-news/bushfire-commentary

In-text examples

Extra tips

  • When the author and the site name are the same, omit the site name
  • If there is no date on the webpage, replace the year with (n.d.)
  • Do not use a website’s copyright date as the publication date for a specific page. If the page shows a last updated date, this can be used
  • If available, additional date information can be included to aid retrieval, e.g. (Year, Month) or (Year, Month Day). For the in-text citation, only the year is included
  • If you are referencing multiple pages from the same website, published in the same year, create a separate reference for each. List in alphabetical order by title and add a letter (a, b, c, etc.) after the year in both the in-text citations and reference list entries, e.g. (2021a) (2021b) (n.d.-a) (n.d.-b)

Webpage on a news website

Reference components

Author Surname, Initial(s). (year, Month day). Title of article in italics. Site Name. URL

Reference list examples

In the former capital of pro-slavery America, Confederate statues are coming down. (2020, July 2). SBS News. https://sbs.com.au/news/in-the-former-capital-of-pro-slavery-america-confederate-statues-are-coming-down

Hill, B., Unik, B., Bonson, D., Dodd, J., & Bennett, S. (2021, June 25). New research shows how Indigenous LGBTIQ+ people don’t feel fully accepted by either community. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/new-research-shows-how-indigenous-lgbtiq-people-don’t-feel-fully-accepted-by-either-community-161096

Thannoo, J., & Collins, A. (2023, October 2). Echidnas communicating with each other recorded for first time by Curtin University researchers. ABC News. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-10-02/echidna-sounds-recorded-for-first-time-by-curtin-university/102917730

In-text examples

Extra tips

  • Use for articles from online news sources that do not have an associated daily or weekly newspaper
  • If there is no author, the title moves to the author position

Online dictionary or encyclopedia entry (e.g. Wikipedia)

Reference components

Author Surname, Initial(s) or Organisation. (year). Title of entry. In Editor Initial(s). Editor Surname (Ed.), Title of dictionary or encyclopedia in italics (# ed.). Publisher Name. Retrieved Month day, year, from URL

Reference list examples

Ecology. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 15, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Behaviorism. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved November 20, 2019, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/behaviorism

Pavese, C. (2021). Knowledge how. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Summer 2021 ed.). Stanford University. Retrieved June 26, 2021, from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/knowledge-how/

In-text examples

Extra tips

  • Check with your lecturer first that sources such as Wikipedia are appropriate for use in your assessment
  • The title moves to the author position when there is no author
  • If the author and publisher are the same, omit the publisher
  • Include a retrieval date when the source material may change over time
  • If there is no date, replace the year with (n.d.)

Lecture

Reference components

Author Surname, Initial(s). (year). Title of lecture in italics [Format]. Site name. URL

Reference list examples

Leaver, T. (2012). Social media rivers [iLecture]. Blackboard. https://echo.ilecture.curtin.edu.au

Richardson, C. (2015). RDA management [PowerPoint slides]. Blackboard. https://lms.curtin.edu.au

In-text examples

Extra tips

  • Include the format of the lecture in square brackets after the title
  • When quoting, include a timestamp or slide number for the in-text citation.