APA 7th referencing

YouTube or other streaming video

Reference components

Author Surname, Initial(s). [Screen name]. (year, Month day). Title of video in italics [Video]. Site Name. URL

Haran, B. [Numberphile2]. (2015, May 14). Why basic research is important - Numberphile [Video]. YouTube. https://youtube.com/watch?v=6gnsQjPCC

Packnett, B. (2019, April). How to build your confidence - and spark it in others [Video]. TED. https://ted.com/talks/brittany_packnett_how_to_build_your_confidence_and_spark_it_in_others

TED. (2014, June 27). How to speak so that people want to listen: Julian Treasure [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/elho2SOZahl

In-text examples

Extra tips

  • The person or group who posted the video is credited as the author for retrievability, even if they did not create it
  • If the real name of the person who posted it is unknown, then include only the screen name without brackets
  • When a TED Talk comes from TED’s website, use the name of the speaker as the author. When the TED Talk is on YouTube, list the owner of the YouTube account as the author for retrievability

Film or video

Reference components

Director Surname, Initial(s). (Director). (year). Title of work in italics [Film]. Production Company. URL

Reference list examples

Miller, G. (Director). (2015). Mad Max: Fury road [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/edutv.1193010

Sandberg, D. F. (Director). (2019). Shazam! [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures; New Line Cinema; DC Films.

In-text examples

Extra tip

  • If accessed online, provide a URL (if available) to aid in retrieval

TV series episode

Reference components

Writer Surname, Initial(s). (Writer), & Director Surname, Initial(s). (Director). (year). Title of episode (Season #, Episode #) [TV series episode]. In Executive Producer Initial(s). Surname (Executive Producer), TV series name in italics. Production Company. URL

Reference list example

Muharrar, A. (Writer), & Adams, A. (Director). (2019). Chillaxing (Season 4, Episode 3) [TV series episode]. In M. Schur, D. Miner, M. Sackett, & D. Goddard (Executive Producers). The good place, Fremulon; 3 Arts Entertainment; Universal Television.

In-text examples

Extra tip

  • If accessed online, provide a URL (if available) to aid in retrieval

TV series

Reference components

Executive Producer Surname, Initial(s). (Executive Producer). (Years series aired). Title of series in italics [TV series]. Production Company. URL

Reference list example

Michaels, L., Fey, T., Miner, D., Klein, M., Carlock, R., Richmond, J., & Riggi, J. (Executive Producers). (2006-2013). 30 Rock [TV series]. Broadway Video; Little Stranger; NBC Studios; NBC Universal Television; Universal Media Studios.

In-text examples

Extra tips

  • If the series is still airing, replace the second year with the word present e.g. (2007-present)
  • If accessed online, provide a URL (if available) to aid in retrieval

Podcast episode

Reference components

Host Surname, Initial(s). (Host). (year, Month day). Title of episode (Episode Number) [Audio podcast episode]. In Title of podcast in italics. Site Name. URL

Reference list example

Malcolm, L. (Host). (2018, September 16). Tripping for depression [Audio podcast episode]. In All in the mind. ABC Radio National. https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/allinthemind/tripping-for-depression/10223006

In-text examples

Extra tip

  • If the podcast does not have an episode number, omit this from the reference

Music - Single song or track

Reference components

Artist Surname, Initial(s). (year). Title of song [Description]. On Title of album in italics. Label.

Reference list examples

Beyonce. (2008). Single ladies (put a ring on it) [Song]. On I am… Sasha Fierce. Sony BMG Music Entertainment.

Childish Gambino. (2014). What kind of love [Song]. MCDJ Entertainment; Glassnote Entertainment Group.

Sheeran, E., & Bieber, J. (2019). I don’t care [Song]. On No. 6 collaborations project. Warner Music UK; Def Jam Recordings.

In-text examples

Extra tips

  • If the song has no associated album, omit this from the reference (e.g. Childish Gambino example)
  • Include a URL if that location is the only means of retrieval (e.g. for artists who only provide music in one location, such as SoundCloud or their website)